▷S4E3 The Heart of a Language: William Cisilino talks Friulano

William Cisilino is the director of ARLeF, an organization that promotes the Friulian language. He is a leading expert and advocate for linguistic diversity. Dr Cisilino and Rose Thomas discuss the health of the Friulano language today, both in northeastern Italy and around the world. He teaches Rose Thomas a Friulian saying and poem. They discuss intergenerational transmission, the connection between biodiversity and linguistic variation, the cultural functions of idioms, and who gets to decide if there's a difference between a language and a dialect. 

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Learn more about Friulano at the ARLeF website: https://arlef.it/

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Two notes: 1. Pope Francis was still living at the time of this recording. 2. The story that US President Kennedy accidentally called himself a donut while visiting Berlin is a widespread misconception, one that Rose Thomas learned had been debunked after recording this episode. If you accidentally refer to yourself as a pastry while practicing a new language, we encourage you to embrace mistakes as part of the language-learning process!

• Expand for auto-generated transcript. (Please excuse errors.)

  Welcome to Modo di Bere, the podcast about local drinks and local sayings. On your host, Rose Thomas Bannister. Today, I'm really excited to be interviewing Dr. William Cisilno, the director of the regional agency for the Friulano language in the city of Udine in the northern Italian region of Friuli, Venezia, Giulia. Welcome to the show, Dr. Cisilino. Thank you. Thank you very much. So I was recently, at the time of this recording, I was recently traveling along the Italian and Slovenian border, filming a documentary about the wine regions and the local language. And Dr. Cisilino, everyone told me that I needed to speak to you. So I'm... Everyone is a big word. Okay, two, three people perhaps. I noticed when I was traveling in Friuli, Venezia, Julia, some road signs with three languages, so Italian, Slovenian and Friulano. Tell us, what is Friulano? Friulano, which is a name also in English, which is Friulian. Friulano is the name of the language in Italian, and The local word for Friulian is furlan. It became from Friuli, which is the name of the region, the big part of the region. The name Friuli came from Leirin and from the ancient name of Cividale and Friuli, which was Forum Iuli, the Forum of Julius Caesar, this is. This city was founded by Julius Caesar, which was the capital of Friuli in the Longobardian period, and then the name of the city, Forum Friuli, became the name of all the region, Friuli, under the Longobards because the founders of Friuli was the Longobards. We are talking about 1 ,500 years ago, which is a lot of fears. So we have a very long, long, long history. Who were the Longobards? The Longobards were Germanic people, which came here around the final part of the 5th century, they decided to put Forum Uli, now Civitario del Friuli, as the capital. I don't know if at that time it was a duke of Friuli. This was very important because before the main city was Aquileia and then became Civitaro de Friuli, the main city, and the role of these people to promote the regional identity was very strong. And so the name of the city became the name of all the regions, so Forum Uli, Friuli, and then Friulian, which is the name of the language. Friulian is a Roman language and continues the latering of the Aquilaia region. It has a pre -Roman substrate, Celtic, more or less. It received a lot of contribution from the languages of populations which freely shared moments in his history. Germanic, Gothic, Lombard, Slavic languages, so it's barriers. Wonderful. So I ask this question of people a lot. What is the difference between a language and a dialect? How many times do you have to not have an answer about this? I don't know if you know the answer, the very most answer of Professor Weinreich about this question. Something about the Navy. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. A language is a dialect with a Navy and Army. The languages are a club, no? And to become a member of this club, you need that some of these languages want you in this club. So this is the regulation. So we are a language because the Italian state in 1999, so very recently, decided to recognize us as a language. For example, we have dialects or languages in Italy, But they are not recognized by the state as languages. So it's only a formal affair, business, a formal business. And I have to say also that the languages usually have some characteristics. For example, they have literature, They have standard language, they have regulations about spelling, and they have usually entities, public bodies, as are left, my public body, the regional agency for freedom language of the region. The region is a sort of little state known as in America, with a lot of differences. There are some characteristics, but finally, the last word is on the hands of the states. If the states recognize you, you are a language, if not, no. So, I have a long cherished dream to have some sort of a panel where I have a linguist like yourself and a geneticist who studies grape varieties because you know my my background is in wine I have become a researcher in linguistic idioms per causal by accident but it always reminds me when you say the language was recognized by the state about the question is how many different wine grape varieties are there in Italy? Well, we can talk about the main variety, is this a clone, is it a family? Like a taxonomy, you know, a language family and then the cousins of the language. I definitely have heard from a lot of people in Italy that the presence of a long history of written literature is often an example that people that people tell me. So tell me about Friulano literature a little bit. Yeah Friulano or Friulian has a very long history about the literature and I also have to say that a lot of dialects in Italy have a long history about, you know, the use in literatures. So, for example, before to speak about Friuli and Napoleon, you know, dialect or language, I don't know. You have very famous songs, poems and so on in the language of Napoli. So, Of course, we have a very old literature. You have to consider that the first literary documents in Friulian date back to the mid of 13th century, so many, many years. We have a lot of very good writers, first of all, in the 15th century. Dante Ligieri, because he used the form of Julian, the other writers at the time started to use to write. The same of Dante Ligieri and a lot of languages. Also, I don't know, for example, in the languages of Germany, no, with Martin Dutero, he wrote the translation of the Bible and the writers started to use that form of language. After Hermes de Colore, we have a lot, a lot of authors and they want to say an important thing. We had a lot of authors, but only in the 19th century, as the which is the writer started to think about the form, the correct form of Friudian as spelling, letters, grammatic, and so on. In this was very, very important a woman prose writer, Catarina Percotto, Catarina Percude, who was very important to establish the grammatic, the forms, and the spelling of the language, and she was a very, very, very good writer. Last but not least, Pierpaolo Pazzolini, which is, I think, the most famous with Carlos Gourlung for freudian literature, Pierpaolo Pazzolini is one of the most important writers in Italy and in Europe. And a lot of critics say that the most important poems are the freedom one. - Lovely. Oh, I would love to, one day, have time to learn for a lot and read the poetry. that sounds like a dream. I hope. I know that Pazzolini has a lot of translations. So, you find poems of Pazzolini and I think that is one of the most important writers in Europe, not only in Friuli or in Italy. Fantastic. I will absolutely check that out. I love poetry. The region Friuli Venezia Giulia is a fairly recent creation. I was trying to just say Friuli because it's shorter, and an Italian will correct me and say, "No, it is Friuli Venezia Giulia." It's very dangerous if you say only Friuli when you are in Medusa, Julia, for example, in Trieste, and this is also correct, no? So these regions were put together into one in the 60s, is that right? Yeah, yeah, the decision to create this strange region was decided in 1948, but the region started to be a formal body in 1963. It's very recent, it's formed by two areas very very different about language, about culture, about history, and we tried to live together and I think that we will live together a lot of time in the next years and I think it's a good example to live with other peoples, not with different peoples, and to manage to find the way to put together the good things and not the critics things. - Let's speak more about the history of this border along this geographic place where you are. I've learned has such an interesting history of different cultural influences, different political influences. Can we talk a little bit about the history of this borderland. - In terms of linguistics, you have to consider that only 100 years ago, here you find people that in the normal life spoke three, four, five languages. And also now is you can find this situation. For example, you visited Colio. In the Colio, a lot of people usually speak at least three languages, Italian, Frugian, Slovenian. At the time, 100 years ago, also German was very spoken. This situation was created because here is the only place in Europe where the three big cultures and languages living Germanic living meet and live together and this seems more than 1500 years so we are very open to other cultures and to be part of something of a sort of multicultural thing. Now, these four official languages, Italian, Fririan, Slovenian, German, if you go in our regional council, you will find counsellors who speak Friulian or Italian or Slovenian or German and you have the interpretation for those who don't understand. For example, you find signs as you now know in these languages. If you go in Tarvisio, you will find four languages because Tarvisio has four languages. So We think we are very rich, but we have to consider that more than 100 years ago, during the first World War, before and during, nationalists spread a lot of blood for the idea that different identities and cultures and languages can't live together, no? And now we have this situation that we love and this is the normal situation of this region because also in the middle age, we live in peace as languages, identities, culture. Our problem was and is the states, you know, the big entities, but this is another, can I say, argument, you know. And a very important one, I think. I would love to hear a little more about your work with Arlef. Arlef, as I told you, is a regional agency of the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, which is one of the 20 regions of Italy. But of this 20 regions, five are specials, Cicely. And Cicely was founded before the Italian state. So Cicely recognized the Italian states and not the opposite. And it's true, this. And Sardinia, Valedaosta, Trentino Alto Adige, and Friuli Vanessa Giulia. So we have four languages, and for the Friuli language, the region decided to create another agency to promote our languages more or less 20 years, not really 30 years ago, and so we worked to promote the language, to perform actions, to promote, to develop, develop the language, and this in more or less all the fields of the social life, such as family, school, mass media, working environment, show business, scientific research, public administration, technologies, more or less all. That's fantastic. I'm interested in how many speakers, what is the state of Friulano today? Is it doing well as a language? What are your goals in terms of preservation and creating more speakers of the language. - In this moment, the speakers here in Friuli are more or less 500 ,000. The situation of the language is fine about the recognition by not only the institution, but also by the people. The people here know that We have a language, we have to promote this language, now we have to preserve, and how can I say, the people wants to say these languages. Not only the speakers, but also the others. The others means the others, a thousand people who lived near the people who speak the language, and in this moment so Furian is spoken by at least one person in two, but one in four could reactivate their competence in this language. We were to encourage to use it and we hope that also the parents speak Friulian to their children this is very important the problem here is that the people I don't know if it's correct to say make children no I have have children okay because here in Italian we say make children. If you don't have children, you don't have the people who speak the language and you don't have the people who make a lot of things. The problem now in Friuli is that there is the region in Italy with Liguria, which has the worst rate rate about a low birth rate. Yeah. Okay. The situation is very dangerous for this reason. I want to know more from you in general about the importance of intergenerational transmission with the health, the life of a language is fundamental. And Now we know that 50 % of parents transmit the language. We want to have a 100 % rate, but it's not so bad because 50 % in a minority context is not so bad. But we are working a lot to persuade the parents that it's important to know more languages So we are working a lot to persuade the parents that it's important that is important, know more languages, and Trurian also is important to learn other languages, because if you are bilingual, when you are a child, it's easier for you to learn another language. We are working a lot to transmit this idea. For example, we have since five, six years project with the hospitals and when is a new baby in the family by the hospitals, when the newborn comes, we give to the parents some presents, a little book where we explain these things about multilingualism. And we are very proud because the parents appreciate a lot this and also the parents from other regions and other countries. That's great. This makes me think of, I was in Texas speaking to some people who speak the Texas -German variant of German as documented by the researcher Hans Boas. It's really interesting that researchers' conclusions were that the language is going to die because the speakers are all in their 80s and there isn't a lot of energy to preserve and promote. And I observed over a game of The grand parents could speak the language, their children could understand, but not speak. And then the grandchildren, they just said, "What are you saying about me? I don't understand at all." I observed an interesting exchange between someone from the oldest generation and the middle generation. The middle generation, the dad, was saying, the problem is they're not teaching it in the schools and the grandma said no the problem is they're not speaking it at home and that seemed to me that we should listen to her what I mean I'm sure both are important I'm curious about your thoughts on this I think that we need both because in your home you can transmit the heart of language And in the school, you transmit the culture, the literature, the history, and the tradition. So, at different levels. And this is the same with English in your country and Italian in the year. You learn atone, the language. At the school, you can read the character and the history of the country and so on at different levels. In terms of media, I have an interesting example from my travels in your region or near your region. In Slovenia, I was told, speaking of intergenerational transmission, in Slovenia, I was told that Many people in their 40s, 50s, learned Italian because they were in Slovenia or all the different countries that has been, and they were close enough to the Italian border to be able to pick up on their television the Italian cartoons. And now my Slovenian friends are saying that their children don't speak as well Italian because now there's so many things to watch other than just the Italian cartoons so I don't know what you think about that but I would love to hear in terms of media about your work. Media are very important of course we we have here in Friuli some media in Friuli, for example we have a weekly we have also some We have a month, a historical monthly, and some periodics in Friulian. And we have two radios, one radio on the Fulane, which broadcasts almost all in Friulian, and another one by Despacito III, which broadcasts 55 % in Friulian. And you can find it in the web if you want. And also we have the Radio Televisión Italiana RAI, which broadcast programs in radio and in television, in Friulian. In television we also have a private media, which has programs in in Friulian which you can find also online in the website and also in the of course we have also social media Facebook Instagram TikTok and so on we have a presence of the language in all this media it's clear that in it's very difficult for a language with so not so much speakers to so many speakers to not to be very present in this media but they are very important. I'd love to get a sense of the flavor or the sound, the words of Friulian. Let's do it through Modo di Dire, through idioms. Do you have some Modo di Dire to teach me? I don't know if you already know "ogni di si fasi la lune, ogni di si impare une." Ooh, I can almost understand that. Something about the moon and... di si fa la luna ogni di si impare una. Every day, I don't know, si fa la luna the moon. No, make something in the orbit and every day you learn something. Oh, I love that. I love that. That is beautiful. Fasi la luna is a phase of the moon, one of the phases, a lot of the phases of the moon. So every day the moon moves a little more, in the new phase, and every day you learn something at the same time. That's beautiful. In English, it's not so poetic, we say, "Learn something new every day." Oh, that's very beautiful, I like that one a lot. I learned one, although I think it might sound different from region to region, but I learned, I have a collection of drinking sayings about how you should never drink water, right, because you should drink wine. So I learned (speaking in foreign language) - Yeah, very good pronunciation. - Oh, thank you. - The water is good for frogs. (both laughing) - I love this, I love this. It's so funny. That is actually one of my favorites of that whole collection. Just for learned from from from Venice, la cue mar si sei pai. So, yeah, so the water rots the boat poles. Yeah. So, um, so my linguistics question for you, because, um, my expertise is in wine, right? But then wine has given me, my work in wine has given me an excuse to indulge my passion for language study. And as I began to encounter the vast linguistic diversity in Italy, I noticed that when people would talk to me about their regional languages or their dialect, however they call them, I was being taught a lot of modal diere and a lot of idioms. And I have found, I guess I want to know what you as a real linguist think of my theory. I think that it is a really wonderful microcosm of a language to learn these sayings. I think they're funny, I think they're colorful, and I think they're a good bridge to connect people in like an idiom exchange. And I think they're funny and sweet and kind of bring a smile to your face. And I think it's maybe a better way to start than, Please thank you. Where is the train station for me? It's right. I don't know. What what do you think? What is the place of the idiom in linguistics to am I on to something the place is that? You know that you have learned a language when you start to understand idioms This is very very important. are a sort of little sentences about the dead people. For example, if you read the most important idioms of Friuli, these sentences are very important to understand what are Friulians. It's very strange, as As you noted, from region to region, from area to area, in Italy you have different wines, different dishes, different tedians, different languages, or dialects. We have a lot of dishes, a lot of wines, because we have a lot of cultures, and a lot of dialects, a lot of languages. languages. I was very impressed some years ago in Sardinia because I was in a little village during the Carnival period and the people from there told me that Every little village, also 100 inhabitants, has a cake for carnival. Every, every, every 1000 kinds of cakes for carnival. No, and this is culture. This is why we have a lot of cheeses or French people, but we have more than French, no? And so on. I think it's wonderful. It's a cause of great delight. This whole thing started for me because I got a job bartending at an Italian restaurant with Italians from various regions. And they made, for me, a caprese cake. And I said, I thought that was a salad. And they said, well, they have a cake there as well. And that was kind of the beginning of learning the real richness of variety here. And to me, it's like collecting baseball cards, you know, there's just, yeah, there's always more. It's so rich. I need several lifetimes to taste every cheese. So now this is on my list to I taste every cake, every cake for Carnival of Sardinia. Oh, I have a big desire to go to Sardinia. That sounds amazing. I want to ask you about Freelians around the world. In terms of linguistic diversity in Italy, a lot of people have told me about a period of time where the local dialect was suppressed. People were told don't speak that way, speak Italian, depending on what region you were from and I'm curious this thing that you just told me about the autonomous regions these five autonomous regions did that make a difference in terms of continued transmission and continued value of the local language this is a problem of all the languages in the world you have to consider that in the world now we have 7 ,000 languages and two -thirds of this are on danger. No? Okay and so languages dialect is the same. It's the same in the different regions of Italy and of Europe you can find different situations because the people of or the institution or the people and the institution of these regions consider or not consider important to preserve the language. So, for example, in our region is very important this. And I can say that every opinion leader, every politician knows that is important. The question for them is how to preserve, how is important the school, how is important the books, and they argued about this. But they are very sensitive about the problem. But the situation, for example, 50 years ago here was very very different because we have here the the iron could could train now here to 13 30 kilometers and three is the zero kilometers now and so the problem at the time was to to preserve not only the state, but the NATO, the Occident, and so on. The problem was there, this. And now we have other problems, but in this moment in Europe, but the main problem is not to defend from not that situation, the Cold War. Now it's very different. So I think also that if you have a trip in various regions of the Europe of the world, you find the situation that you find in that moment. So in that moment for us is a good moment for languages and dialects too. I don't know the real situation in other regions of Italy. I imagine that in other regions, institutions and opinion leaders are not so close to these themes, but in our region is a very important issue. How many Friulano speakers are there outside of Italy, and what were some of the migration patterns? The experts estimate that the Freelance speakers out of Freelance are more or less one million. More than the speakers here, no, one million. Because we have a big history of immigration in USA, in Canada, in the South America, also in Australia and recently in China Japan in Europe in Europe too in Europe too so we have a big community spread around the world who speak Freolian Wow in New York as well yeah in New York we have we have also also Afogolar. Fogolar means the local organization of the immigrants. And we have Afogolar, a very old Fogolar, and we have also a big Fogolar in Canada, Femme Foulane, which is very well organized. We have also many, many people of the recent emigration. So young people who found everywhere these populars. And it's very curious because we collaborate with the baddies. We have some baddies, local and private, we have not public bodies, we have only private entities, associations who work for freedom of immigration and immigrants. The most important, because it's the order, is Interfering and Moldo. He started to work in 1953. It has a long, long history. I think they have more than 100 Fogolars around the world, also in Africa, in Asia. Wow, that's so interesting. Yeah. Yeah. I did learn from your colleague, Marco, about the influence of Friulians in the winemaking history in Argentina. So tell me about Friulians in Argentina. I'm not an expert about this, but I know that in Argentina, you can find a lot of free unions, but also a lot of different immigrants from regions of Italy. So in Argentina, you find more or less the same situation of Italy. So you have an Italian community, but They are very divided from the region where their families become. So they transmit this culture, not only of Friulian, but also the other regions of Italy, in the culture of Argentina and also in the dishes and in the wines. You have a lot of wines in Argentina influenced by the Italian tradition. But I'm not so expert to tell you which ones and the names. But I know that this is real. - And Furnette Bronca as well, right? - Yeah, yeah, yeah, Furnette Bronca. And also it is not a wine, but the He has an Italian name because his family became from Piedmont, you know, right? Interesting. Yeah. Yeah. The pope is of Italian origins. Also, if he is from Argentina. Italians are everywhere. I love it. I want to ask you, I'm always excited when I get to speak to a linguist. So one of the questions I have for you is, you know, my interest in linguistic diversity was influenced by my interest in biodiversity and studying the indigenous grape varieties of Italy, their preservation, their valorization. But like I said, I was working without any real academic background in linguistics or in linguistic preservation. And I wondered initially if I was doing something romantic or making something up saying, "Well, I like these two things. I like dialects and I like rare grapes, and I'm going to make a project and talk about them in the same project." But as I have gone forward with this and learned more about linguistics through talking to people like yourself, I'm learning that the environmentalists who want to prevent plants and animals from going extinct have actually been an influence on linguistics. So I really fascinated by this and I try to ask everybody about the connection between biodiversity and linguistic diversity. So I want to know if you have some thoughts on this. Yeah. We have a sort of master about these thematics, these issues, who is a very famous linguist and I I think also philosopher American, Noam Chomsky. Noam Chomsky wrote a lot about the connection between biodiversity and diversity in general and linguistics. So what we know is that the world is based on diversity. and when there is not diversity, there is a problem. Also, for example, for the generations, if you don't have diversity, you have problems in the genes. For example, this is very clear. You need a variation. Also, for example, the evolution theory is based on diversity. The evolutionary theory explains that we are based on diversity and the life is possible because there is a diversity and diversification. And so we can find it also in the languages, which is the problem now that we find in languages, but not which is also, for example, in the food. Many people who, for example, lost, here in Friuli, know all the knowledges about the use of some varieties, know of, I don't know what, to it, I'm meaning. And I think that The people who work about these things, for example like you, about diversity in wines or diversity in the plants we want to use for cultivations and so on. And also to discover which was the acknowledges of our grandfathers and grandfathers and so on. For example, the work we do about languages are very close, are very close, because we are working for what? For diversity, to preserve diversity. No, and other entities, I don't want to say which ones work for almost any session. Globalization is also a term of globalization, to have something that is the same all over the world. I think that is good that you find of the all over the world. Okay, this is good because I go in that place and more relaxed because I find the same mark. But I think also that it's important that when I go to the city, to the villages, to meet people, I want to find something different. Why we go around the world for tourism to find something different. This means that we want and we appreciate differences. And the first thing we have to do is to present our different things in our culture and in ourselves. Wonderful, wonderful answer to take pride in your local character is something that I find so inspiring from all over Italy, and it shines a light for me to see the same process all over the world. Thank you. Thank you for your work. - Thank you to you. - Please let me know how I can help. Perhaps as in closing, we learned this one saying, but could you speak a few sentences in Furlan for us or teach us a few more I just want to get a little more taste, a little more flavor of this language that we're discussing in English. If you want, I can tell you the first phrases of the most ancient poem in Friurian. Please. [speaking Friurian] Which is very, is very nice because [speaking Friurian] is the the the pier no not the apple but the pier I don't know if the pronunciation is right the pier you are you are so sweet you know and you have a very good color and when I see you I'm so I don't know excited oh that's so why pier why pier because Pierre means "Pierre", "Pierre" which is a name, no? It's a joke with a name and this word, no? And so it has seven centuries this poem. Oh, that's beautiful. Thank you so much for teaching that to me. I also learned while I was there, "Mandi". Okay, "Mandi". Yeah, can you explain that to us? "Mandi" is our "goodbye" but also our "hello". It's difficult to explain what it means, because it means "mi raccomandi", "mi raccomando". It's very difficult also to explain in Italian, but it's something like, take care of you. Now, take care of you. When we are here in Friuri, we like to use this mandi when we meet, but first of all, when we leave someone. Kind - Yeah, yeah, yeah. - Yeah, like, yeah. I also, it's coming to my mind now. I know one more about leaving saying it's time to go. Now I love this because I felt like it taught me something about the warmth and the welcome of the local culture there. I was taught (speaking in foreign language) How's my pronunciation? - Yeah, it's very good. It's (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) So when I heard this, I thought something interesting because usually in Italian languages, dog is not a good thing. It's a bad word, or you say "fafredo as cold as a dog, you know? So I thought, okay, dog is a bad thing. That means let's leave each other like dogs, like I'm gonna do you wrong in a business deal, you know? Like, right? Like I'm gonna do bad by you. And they said, no, no, it means let's kiss each other a lot. If we say goodbye, like friendly dogs sniffing. Is - Is that correct? - Yeah, yeah. My dog is so, he's a kisser, a kisser. - Yes, yes. Let's, you know, like, you know, kind of like dogs sniffing each other, like kiss, kiss, kiss, kiss, kiss, like let's leave each other with many kisses. I thought that was really lovely and quite a surprise, a linguistic surprise for me. I have to ask you one more question, 'cause behind you, I see on your bulletin board it says I'm a drink what is this oh it's very complicated but it's a joke or a friend of mine because uh uh in months ago or one year ago uh a journalist interviewed former president of uh size and uh he lived about, I don't know what, and it's very famous, this guy. No, but it's true. And this politician told to the journalist, has said, I don't know the name, has said Martin Luther King, I am a dream, and he wants to say I have a dream, no, but as Martin Luther King said, I am a dream, so a friend of mine for joking. This is right up there with JFK and the doughnuts Berlin example, right? You know what I'm talking about? What was that story? Do you remember the phrase? He was trying to say, "I'm a Berliner," and he said, "I'm a doughnut." Yeah, I'm a doughnut, yeah. Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's the same, it's the same. I'm a drink. I am a drink. I am a drink. Listen, language is hard. I credit that person for trying. I make mistakes like that every day, so let's not apologize, let's continue to make each other laugh. I think it was important for me to learn Italian because I did meet a lot of recent immigrants to New York who were learning English and they would make mistakes that I thought were so funny, you know, the way that a child is funny, you know, but when you're laughing at a child who is making a mistake with language, it's because it's poetic, It's a new perspective and you think, "Oh, I never thought about it that way and I just encourage people to not be embarrassed about your mistakes." This helps me as well to say because I make many. Thank you so much for coming on the show. Tell us your website, your social media, how people can follow you and learn more about your work. The website is www .RFARLEF. R -L -E -F dot it. So you can find all the information and also all the links to the other medias. - R -L -F dot it. And then we can follow you from there on social media and everywhere else. - Then you find all the links to Facebook, YouTube. We have two channels and we have a lot of things well, maybe one day we can we can make a video together Let me know really let me know how I can help. I care a lot about Linguistic preservation and it's been an absolute pleasure to talk with you. Perfect. Thank you very much Monday Monday Monday. Tell us again the saying about the Moon because It reminds me of the motto of the show, actually. (speaking in foreign language) On your mouth, the moon changes, you know? And every day you learn something. - All right, so the motto of the show is wherever you go and whatever you like to drink, always remember to enjoy yourself and to never stop learning. - Support us on Patreon. Grab the newsletter at MotorDBerry .com and subscribe to the YouTube channel @mododibere to watch the travel show Modo di Bere TV. Music for the show was composed by Ersilia Prosperi for the band Ou. Purchase their music at the link in the notes.  

Music composed by Ersilia Prosperi for the band Ou: www.oumusic.bandcamp.com

Produced and recorded by Rose Thomas Bannister

Audio and video edited by Giulia Àlvarez-Katz

Audio assistance by Steve Silverstein